The duration of a J-1 visa depends on the specific exchange program. It can range from a few weeks to several years. Participants must adhere to the time constraints outlined by their program.

Some J-1 visa holders may be subject to a two-year home residency requirement, meaning they must return to their home country for at least two years before being eligible for certain U.S. immigration benefits, such as changing to another non-immigrant status or obtaining permanent residency.

Yes, J-1 visa holders are typically allowed to work as part of their exchange program. However, the specific work permissions and conditions vary depending on the category of the J-1 program they are participating in. It's crucial to understand and adhere to the employment guidelines set by the sponsoring organization and the U.S. Department of State.